How to protect spine?

Hey guys, Where riding, the road condition is really bad (NJ), probably worst in the country. The roads are very bumpy, even in highway. When passing bumps, I know that we can and should support ourselves using the leg, but sometimes, I just didn't see the bump ahead since there are too many. This is causing discomfort in my back and spine. I wonder if this could be a problem for my spine? If so, would changing the seat (softer) make it better?